刑事一体化践行

刑事一体化理论的精髓在于融通学科联系,解决现实问题。作为观念的刑事一体化与刑事政策的关系极为密切,刑法的刑事政策化是当代刑法的潮流,刑事政策有助于顺畅刑法的运作,强化刑法的适时、有效性。犯罪学概念的"主观恶性"在量刑方面起着重要的作用,形成一体化的性状。     

Violence risk and gang affiliation in youth offenders: a recidivism study

Abstract

Youth gangs are ubiquitous around the world and have been problematic for the social and criminal justice agencies. Despite widespread public concern, there has been relatively scarce empirical scrutiny of youth gangs internationally and little outside of America and Europe. In particular, the activities of youth gangs, the function of gang membership, the criminogenic needs of gang-affiliated youth, and the risk of criminal recidivism for gang-affiliated youth remain unclear. Against this background, this study explored the sociodemographic characteristics, risk and rate of criminal recidivism in a cohort of 165 male youth offenders in Singapore, of which 58 were gang-affiliated. Multivariate analyses revealed that gang-affiliated youth offenders were significantly more likely to have histories of substance use, weapon use and violence than nongang-affiliated youth offenders. Gang-affiliated offenders also scored higher on measures of risk for recidivism (SAVRY and YLS/CMI), and engaged in violent and other criminal behaviors more frequently during follow-up. These differences indicate a significant relationship between gang affiliation and criminal recidivism in youth offenders. Furthermore, these findings have important clinical and policy implications, indicating an increased requirement for additional and more intensive assessment and tailored interventions for gang-affiliated youth offenders.     

美国对以色列军援政策的变化及其成因

自以色列建国以来,维护其生存和安全是美国历届政府一直不变的承诺,向以色列提供军事援助就是保障其安全的重要举措。美国主要从现实主义出发,根据其全球战略的需要来决定它对以色列提供军事援助的力度。由于美国在不同时期内对全球目标特别是中东战略目标有所不同,美国对以色列的军援政策也随之变化和调整,经历了一个限制——积极——以军援为施压手段——制度化——强化的演变过程。从未来发展看,美国与以色列在相当长时期内仍然互有所需,战略盟友关系不会变,美国对以色列的军援政策也基本上不会变。     

行政处罚与刑罚的竞合与衔接研究

行政处罚与刑罚竞合是实践中一个相当普遍的问题,其产生的根源在于我国对犯罪行为既定性又定量,具体而言则有立法、司法和处罚方式等多方面的原因。对于行政处罚和刑罚的竞合,理论界多有争论,同时针对当前大量存在的以罚代刑现象,笔者认为有必要对行政处罚和刑罚的程序衔接做进一步的深入分析。     

国家、教育分层与农民工子女社会流动:contain机制下的阶层再生产

农民工子女实现上向社会流动的阶梯不仅受到流动儿童教育"两为主"政策和从城市回原籍的中考安排影响,在更宏大层面上它还受到国家与农民工关系、学籍户籍双认证的高考安排制约。为适应二元社会结构的渐进转型,经由围堵策略和contain机制,流动儿童独特的教育获得方式成为当下社会分层机制和农民工阶层再生产的重要一环。     

新安医家杨以阶儿科临证经验拾萃

杨以阶是现代著名的新安医家，杨氏儿科第十四代传人，从事儿科临床五十余年，经验丰富，医术高超。他重视脾胃为本，反对用药过于寒凉；认为小儿并非肾常不足，不宜轻施补益；小儿实证居多，邪气为致病本，邪去方能正安；对同一疾病攻邪与补益需把握不同时机，合理施用。他辨治小儿急性肝炎、结核、先天性幽门梗阻、无名热等医案见解独到，对临床颇有启发。